Abstract

    The petrophysical analysis plays a significant role in determining the physical properties of reservoir rocks such as volume of shale, porosity and water saturation which in turn are  key factors in identifying the hydrocarbon zone possibilities (net pay). The study was conducted on Belhedan field which located in Sirt Basin. The targeted aria was the Gargaf formation, on which five wells were utilized for the investigation. The logging data studied comprises of gamma ray to determine volume of shale, density log, neutron log, whereas for porosity- and water saturation determination sonic log and resistivity were applied respectively. The results and data derived from the different logs of the current research work were analyzed by using Techlog Software2015 application. Based on the results derived from the software mentioned above the volume of shale for the five wells was calculated to be between (6.8-25.4 %), whereas average porosity was found to be between (8.5- 17%). Finally, water saturation and net pay thickness were computed to be  between (9.6- 49.6%)  and (18.5- 183.5 ft) respectively.

Abstract  

In some engineering applications soil stiffness only could not be a reliable parameter in accordance with specific standardizations especially, when

dealing with dynamic loading. In other words, foundation soil should be altered regarding its ductility in order to prevent sudden damage due to brittleness. Plenty of researchers have studied the effect of multifilament polypropylene fibers on soil reinforcement. Besides, the alkaline activation method has been adapted to alter the strength properties of soft soil. Furthermore, in a cutting edge method, alkaline activation of soft soil, using fly ash and Potassium hydroxide, coupled with soil reinforcement was adapted to change the post-peak behavior of soft soil. The goal of this novel technique is to increase the ultimate strength and to enhance the failure mode. In this research work alkali activated kaolin soil and alkali-activated reinforced kaolin soil were cured for 28 and 90 days respectively. Compressive stress tests were conducted on both mixtures, namely, SF40 ( Soil +40% fly ash) and SFR0.75 ( Soil+ 39.7% fly ash + 0.75% PP fibers) samples. Results drawn from the tests revealed a drastic increase in Compressive strength for SF40 samples cured for 28 and 90 days, namely, 3680 kPa and 18500 kPa, respectively. Whereas, the strength recorded by the control sample was only 190 kPa. Though a sharp drop was seen when approaching failure. The addition of reinforcing Polypropylene fibers brought about a drastic enhancement in failure mode for both of curing regimes.

Abstract:

Wells that cannot produce liquids to the surface under their own pressure requires lift technologies to enable production. Some liquid wells need lift assistance from the beginning and almost all require it sooner or later. One of the most popular artificial lift methods applied in the oil industry, in order to increase productivity, is the gas lift method. Its main principal is the injection of gas in the well to reduce the average density of the fluids produced from the reservoir, hence the weight of the fluid column. As a result, the declined reservoir pressure is sufficient to lift the fluids up to the surface. In this project three wells, (N-36, N-18 and N-53), located in Amal field are selected for the study. The production for all wells is dropping due to increasing water production. Therefore, the main task in this study is to design a gas lift system for these wells by using Prosper software. The procedure of designing an optimized gas lift system in PROSPER is thoroughly described in this study. In the design performed by Prosper, the main points obtained and determined are number of gas lift valves needed to lift the wells up, also the depth of these valves distributed through the tubing and space between valves. In addition to this, the amount of gas injected daily through these valves from casing to tubing. Finally, Inflow performance relationship versus vertical lift performance curves for these wells are determined before and after gas lift design as indication of increasing productivity. 

• Abstract
• A reservoir is a subsurface rock that has effective porosity and permeability which usually contains commercially exploitable quantity of hydrocarbon. Reservoir characterization is undertaken to determine its capability to both store and transmit fluid. Petrophysical well log and core data, in this paper, were integrated in an analysis of the reservoir characteristics by selecting of three productive wells. The selected wells are located at Abu Attifel field in Libya for Upper Nubian Sandstone formation at depth varied form 12921 to14330 ft. The main aim of this study is to compare the laboratory measurement of core data with that obtained from well log data in order to determine reservoir properties such as shale volume, porosity (Φ), permeability (K), fluid saturation, net pay thickness. The plots of porosity logs and core porosity versus depth for the three wells revealed significant similarity in the porosity values. The average volume of shale for the reservoir was determined to be 22.5%, and average permeability values of the three wells are above 150 md, while porosity values ranged from 9 to 11%. Low water saturation 13 to 22% in the three wells indicates the wettability of the reservoir is water-wet.