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Abstract:

Wells that cannot produce liquids to the surface under their own pressure requires lift technologies to enable production. Some liquid wells need lift assistance from the beginning and almost all require it sooner or later. One of the most popular artificial lift methods applied in the oil industry, in order to increase productivity, is the gas lift method. Its main principal is the injection of gas in the well to reduce the average density of the fluids produced from the reservoir, hence the weight of the fluid column. As a result, the declined reservoir pressure is sufficient to lift the fluids up to the surface. In this project three wells, (N-36, N-18 and N-53), located in Amal field are selected for the study. The production for all wells is dropping due to increasing water production. Therefore, the main task in this study is to design a gas lift system for these wells by using Prosper software. The procedure of designing an optimized gas lift system in PROSPER is thoroughly described in this study. In the design performed by Prosper, the main points obtained and determined are number of gas lift valves needed to lift the wells up, also the depth of these valves distributed through the tubing and space between valves. In addition to this, the amount of gas injected daily through these valves from casing to tubing. Finally, Inflow performance relationship versus vertical lift performance curves for these wells are determined before and after gas lift design as indication of increasing productivity. 

This paper addresses a bi-criteria optimization problem to minimize total flow time and makespan simultaneously for a cellular flowshop with Sequence Dependent Setup Times (FMCSP with SDSTs); A multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MPSO) and a Multi-objective Simulated Annealing (MOSA) Algorithm are proposed to solve the proposed problem. furthermore, an improved algorithm (named as IMPSO-TA), where MPSO is combined with Threshold Acceptance (TA) algorithm to improve the convergence of the obtained Pareto Fronts. The proposed algorithms are evaluated using several Quality Indicators (QI) measures for multi-objective optimization problems. Results showed that proposed algorithms can generate approximated Pareto Fronts in a reasonable CPU time. Furthermore, quality of Pareto fronts generated by IMPSO-TA is better than Pareto fronts found by MPSO and MOSA based on the test problems that are used in this research at the cost of CPU time. Further, the proposed IMPSO-TA performs as best available algorithms in the literature for small and medium test problems with a very minor deviation for best results for large test problems.

Engineering education has a crucial role in the economic and social development of society; this paper aims to investigate the most significant factors that contributing in improving the quality of the engineering education. Furthermore, identify the factors affecting the students’ academic performance. The study was conducted by using statistical Design of Experiments (DOE) approach to investigate the main effects of lecture delivery, assessment, engagement, communication, and interaction with instructors. Minitab software is implemented to perform statistical analysis to identify the significance of each factor, and degree by which each factor influences the students’ academic achievement. Results showed that the students’ academic performance is affected by the availability of course materials, and communications with instructors.

Oil spills are an unavoidable risk during exploration, production, and transportation. In the event of an accident, the environmental impact is often severe and may even harm the local environment for decades. Therefore, there is a need to find a method and device that minimizes damage to the environment. Oil spill cleanup and remedy are still a challenge and raise global concern because of the many environmental complications associated with it. This chapter reviews existing methods and devices for oil spill cleanup, particularly the wetting phenomenon for oil absorption and membrane filtration methods for oil spill cleanup, and focuses on the properties of nanofiber materials and their use for manufacturing oil absorbents and cross-flow filtration membranes. In particular, this chapter discusses the performance, effectiveness, and applications of nanofibrous materials fabricated by the solution and hot melt …

ABSTRACT

Libya is one of the largest countries in the olive oil production leading to

generate massive amounts of olive-waste cakes during the manufacture process

every year. Therefore, this experimental study aims to investigate the potential of

olive-waste cake as a low-cost natural source for preparation activated carbon

(AC). The solid olive oil mill residue was carbonized at 200 0C and chemically

activated using two methods including Model I (25% Zncl2) and Model II (25%

Zncl2 + 25% H2SO2) . To investigate the efficiency of prepared AC,decolourization of methylene blue founded in an aqueous solution was conducted. The effectiveness of this process was studied via key parameters

effects such as contact time, pH, and AC dose. The achieved results showed that

the decolourization using Model II was more than of Model I. The optimum

values of pH, contact time, and AC dose were 5, 120 min, and 2.5 g/L

respectively. At these conditions the maximum methylene blue removal was

75%. The results indicate that olive-waste cake has a potential in future water

treatment applications due to its high adsorption capacity.

ABSTRACT:- This paper introduces design of different compensators and their output response for speed control of Direct Current (DC) motor with One and Two Degree of Freedom. DC motors are used in many industrial and commercial applications require higher performance, reliability, variable speed, easier controlling stability, accuracy, speed and position control of motor is required. In this paper in order to simulate the approach a MATLAB/SIMULINK model having one and two degree of freedom phase lead, phase lag and phase lead-lag compensators are constructed to control the modeled Direct Current (DC) motor for enhancement of static & dynamic response. In addition to that, the effect of adding two degree of freedom compensators on the transient and steady state response of the system is studied.

Keywords: DC Motor, Phase Lead Compensator, Phase Lag Compensator, Phase Lag-Lead, MATLAB/Simulink etc

This paper describes three schemes to implement Direction of Arrival Estimation (DOA) that is used and implemented in real Antenna system. The variation between those algorithms is important in means of accuracy and complexity of implementation such mathematical models in actual system of Antenna. The use of mathematical analysis is very helpful to understand the process of DOA estimation and each part of the algorithms in the study, so that can be used further to implement algorithms and work on MATLAB to investigate and evaluate the performance of each one in relative with the others and how they act when they put in same conditions with different number of samples and using different factors. The used algorithms for the study are the conventional algorithms Bartlett & Capon, in contrast with more advanced algorithm MUSIC Multiple-Signal-Classifications, which is introduced as the main focus in the study. Simulation of DOA is made using MATLAB and the mathematical implementation of the three algorithms. The results of comparing thealgorithms shows that varying number of samples taken has a crucial role on determining Direction of Arrival or the incident angle of the input stray-signal at the arrays of the smart antenna which senses the direction based on the algorithm operated in the smart antenna system, the use of the three algorithms in different number of samples had shown a performance change of accuracy of estimation in different way for an algorithm in comparison to another algorithm in many circumstances, the more prevailing fact is that the more number of samples the more accuracy of estimation, but in case of less samples the Bartlett algorithm showed better performance in compare to other algorithms, as for Capon algorithm it suffers accuracy at low number of samples and need high number of samples to act more accurately, as for MUSIC algorithm it shows the best overall performance as adapting fast to the angle of estimation with high accuracy in response to an efficient number of samples.

The proposed method provides a good tracking performance through detecting the variation in the wind speed rapidly. In addition, the implementation does not require prior information on the wind turbine parameters, air density, or wind speed. By investigating the change directions of the mechanical output power of the wind turbine and the rotor speed of the generator, the proposed MPPT algorithm can determine an optimal speed to achieve the maximum power point (MPP).

Then, this optimal speed is set to the reference in the speed control loop to force the system to operate at the MPP. The DC-DC boost converter has been used to boost up the low AC voltage generated by the PMSG directly driven by the wind turbine. The mechanical output power of the wind turbine is calculated from the mechanical torque which is measured directly by sensor.

The proposed scheme is modeled and simulated under SIMULINK/MATLAB. The simulation results are accurate and validate the wind energy conversion system.

Keywords: Wind Turbine, maximum power point tracking (MPPT), permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG), wind energy conversion system (WECS).

An attempt has been made to evaluate the effect of welding parameters on the weld penetration, weld bead width and heat effective zone of Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welded 2 mm 304L stainless steel joints. The welding parameters including arc current, welding travel speed and gas flow rate were used to achieve the optimum joint. Taguchi technique has been implemented to optimize the welding parameters. Orthogonal array L9 (Three factors with three levels 3x3) was used to study the effect of arc current, welding travel speed and gas flow rate on the quality of 304 stainless steel welds. Signal to a noise ratio (SNR) and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) are also used to determine the main effects of different welding parameters on the weld bead width (WB), weld penetration (WP) and heat affected zone (HAZ). Results showed that welding current has significant effect, whereas gas flow rate showed no effect on the quality of 304Lwelded joints. Welding current of 185A, welding speed of 135mm/min and gas flow rate of 15lit/min have been selected as the best process parameter of weld bead width and weld penetration at level three of experiment seven. However, the optimum process parameter for heat affected zone are level one experimental three at165 A, 235 mm/min, 15 lit/min of welding arc current ,travel speed and gas feeding rate, respectively.